virtual host redirection

<a href="http://snipsnap.org/"><img src="snipsnap.png"></a>
<a href="http://jetty.mortbay.com/"><img src="jetty.png"></a>

_**Update**:
Due to a [bug](http://bugs.snipsnap.org/browse/SNIPSNAP-387), if you're using
SnipSnap [1.0b1-uttoxeter](http://snipsnap.org/space/version-1.0b1), it requires
a [patch](http://bugs.snipsnap.org/secure/attachment/10203/snipsnap-vhost.patch)
for this to work. Download the [SnipSnap
source](http://snipsnap.org/space/snipsnap-DOWNLOAD), apply the patch, run
[ant](http://ant.apache.org), and you should be good to go!_

This article is also [posted on
snipsnap.org](http://snipsnap.org/space/virtual+host+redirection).

### Introduction

This document describes how to configure SnipSnap to redirect to either SnipSnap
or static content based on hostname. The configuration is done entirely through
Jetty.

If this is _exactly_ what you need to do, feel free to skip to the end and steal
my jetty.conf. If your setup is at all different, though, you'll need to read
through the doc. Sorry, those are the breaks.

### Background

I'm in the process of deploying a SnipSnap installation at
[http://snarfed.org/](http://snarfed.org/) , and I'm very excited about the
possibilities. However, there's one snag. This server currently serves static
content through ryan.barrett.name, and I need that static content to be
accessible. Furthermore, to avoid breaking links, old URLs (such as
[http://ryan.barrett.name/bigbrother/](/ryan.barrett.name/bigbrother/)
should still work.

I read through the SnipSnap virtual host documentation, but I couldn't find
anything that discussed how to serve SnipSnap stuff through one hostname and
_static_ content through another. However, I knew that SnipSnap is based on
Jetty, so I decided to roll my sleeves up and dive into the [Jetty
docs](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/index.html).

Big mistake. The Jetty docs spend most of their time on apps server, so there's
not much about serving static HTML. Worse, the information it does have assumes
you're writing Java code on top of Jetty. That would require writing a patch for
SnipSnap, which is way overkill. However, the only other way to configure Jetty
is through the jetty.conf file.

Anyway, to make a long story short, I learned how to configure Jetty, managed to
redirect based on hostname, and even had some fun! Here's how.

### Problem

So, pretend we have two domain names, foo.com and bar.org, that both map to our
SnipSnap server. When people go to [http://bar.org](http://bar.org) , we want
them to see our SnipSnap, but when they go to [http://foo.com](http://foo.com) ,
we want them to see some static HTML files. What's a poor SnipSnap administrator
to do?

### Jetty

First, you need to learn how Jetty works, and specifically how the a Jetty XML
configuration file works. Check out the
[tutorial](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/index.html), especially the [Jetty HTTP
Server](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/HttpServer.html) and [Jetty XML
Syntax](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/XmlConfiguration.html) tutorials.

No, really, I'm serious. Stop. Do not continue reading. Read the [Jetty HTTP
Server tutorial](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/HttpServer.html). Read the example
code at the bottom. Then, skim the [Jetty XML Syntax
tutorial](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/XmlConfiguration.html). I _will not_
repeat what they say. You don't need to know them inside and out, but at least
get comfortable with them.

Go ahead, I'll wait.

...

Hi! Good to have you back. Let's continue.

### Solution: jetty.conf

OK, now that you're familiar with Jetty, let's get started. The key insight is
that Jetty XML configuration files are Java code in disguise. Literally - you
can instantiate Java classes, and then call methods on them, using Jetty's XML
syntax. This is explained in more detail in the [Jetty XML Syntax
tutorial](http://mortbay.org/jetty/tut/XmlConfiguration.html)...but you've
already read that, right?

OK. Fire up your favorite text editor and open jetty.conf. It's in the conf/
subdirectory of your SnipSnap directory. The first thing we need to do is
configure HttpServer, which serves static content:

    <Configure class="org.mortbay.http.HttpServer">

All of the rest of the configuration code will be inside this tag.

### SocketListener

We need to tell the HttpServer to listen on port 80. We do this by creating a
new SocketListener, setting its port to 80, and calling the
HttpServer::addListener method:

    <Call name="addListener">
        <Arg>
          <New class="org.mortbay.http.SocketListener">
            <Set name="Port">
              <SystemProperty name="jetty.port" default="80"/>
            </Set>
          </New>
        </Arg>
      </Call>

### addContext

Next, we need to tell Jetty where the static content is, and when to serve it.
The HttpServer::addContext method can take a hostname as its first argument, so
we'll tell it to only match foo.com:

    <Call name="addContext">
        <Arg>foo.com</Arg>

This means that any requests to foo.com will use this HttpServer, but any other
requests to the server (e.g. bar.org or the IP address) will not match this
context, so they'll fall through to SnipSnap.

### HttpContext

The second argument to HttpServer::addContext is a context, so we need to create
an HttpContext object and tell it where our static HTML files are. We do this by
calling the HttpContext::setResourceBase method with the path to our static
content:

    <Arg><New class="org.mortbay.http.HttpContext">
          <Call name="setContextPath">
            <Arg>/</Arg>
          </Call>
          <Call name="setResourceBase">
            <Arg>
              /home/ryanb/staticstuff
            </Arg>
          </Call>
          <Call name="addHandler">
            <Arg>
              <New class="org.mortbay.http.handler.ResourceHandler"></New>
            </Arg>
          </Call>
        </New></Arg>
      </Call>

In this example, the static HTML files are in /home/ryanb/staticstuff. If you
want, you can use the jetty.home system property to get the directory SnipSnap
is installed in:

    <Call name="setResourceBase">
            <Arg>
              <SystemProperty name="jetty.home" default="."/>/staticstuff
            </Arg>
          </Call>

Finally, let's close off the Configure tag we opened way in the beginning...

    </Configure>

...restart SnipSnap, and we're done!